International climate agreements require a rapid transition to a climate-neutral energy system, and recent analyses indicate there is a key role to be played by hydrogen. Developing a new energy chain involves major investments, though. This study examines the costs and barriers associated with developing three types of hydrogen chain:
The study indicates that the blue route is initially the most promising, particularly for industry and power generation. Around 2030 there comes a tipping point at which the renewables-based hydrogen routes become competitive, though, opening the gates for ever wider application in society at large.